Why it exists
The normal employee 401(k) limit is separate from the larger annual overall plan limit. If your plan allows after-tax contributions, unused space can become Roth savings.
Estimate how much after-tax 401(k) room you may still have after your employee contribution and employer match.
IRS limit - pre-tax/Roth - employer match = after-tax limit
After-tax money plus in-plan Roth conversion gives us Mega Backdoor Roth.
Salary paid so far
$92,308
Remaining salary this year
$107,692
After-tax Mega Backdoor contribution to go
$44,000
Total after-tax
$44,000
Already contributed plus room to go.
Employer match to go is capped because the annual employer match cap has been reached.
After-tax to go
$44,000
40.9% of remaining payroll
Total after-tax
$44,000
Estimated 30-Year Take-Home Difference
Compares the total after-tax contribution shown above in Mega Backdoor Roth versus a normal taxable account.
Normal taxable investment
$276,751
Mega Backdoor Roth
$334,939
Take-home advantage
$58,188
Assumes 7% annual return over 30 years. Mega Backdoor Roth growth is treated as tax-free, while the taxable account applies a 20% tax rate to investment gains.
1. Pre-tax / Roth
Contribute enough to capture the full employer match.
2. Employer match
Your company match uses part of the overall IRS 401(k) limit.
3. After-tax
Remaining room can become Mega Backdoor Roth when your plan supports it.
Plain English
Mega Backdoor Roth lets some employees contribute extra after-tax money to a 401(k), then convert it into a Roth account.
The normal employee 401(k) limit is separate from the larger annual overall plan limit. If your plan allows after-tax contributions, unused space can become Roth savings.
Mega Backdoor Roth features are often discussed by employees at large tech companies, but your current plan document is the source of truth.
Questions
Yes. Employer match reduces the amount available for Mega Backdoor Roth contributions.
It is money contributed to your 401(k) after income tax, separate from pre-tax and Roth employee deferrals.
It moves eligible after-tax 401(k) money into a Roth account so future qualified growth can be tax-free.
Catch-up contribution rules may apply. Check current IRS guidance and your plan documents.